# chin_eng_coincidences.txt -- 中英語巧合，是否同源詞？
# Copyright       : http://www.fsf.org/copyleft/gpl.html
# Author          : 積丹尼 Dan Jacobson -- http://jidanni.org/
# Created On      : Sep 2000
# Last Modified On: Wed Aug 17 02:01:47 2011
# Update Count    : 213

This is a list of some Chinese - English coincidences I've run into.
Also I put some various humorous blabber in (but see
http://jidanni.org/lang/humor.txt ). Certainly most of them are pure
coincidence, with no 'same origins' deep significance. I use some
references to some Chinese historical phonology terms. I didn't ever
learn English historical phonology... therefore things are left at
current English face value. I also don't bother to use my own fancy
romanization schemes for S. Min, etc. For some neat intra-Chinese
non-coincidences, see 王力's 同源字典。
Obvious are http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_words_of_Chinese_origin .
Non-obvious perhaps are:

焙bei4: Eng. bake, 古之部，just a 轉 away from -k in Wang Li's systems.
陋lou4: Eng. low
擰ning2: Eng. wring [if wr were n would match] e.g., wring dry
民min2, {Cantonese, Mandarin]: Eng. people: man
賠pei2: Eng. pay, 費
設S. Min. set [siat]: Eng. set [up]; Setting: 設定!
殺Cant. etc. saat: Eng. -cide (suicide...)
毒Hakka: tuk: Eng. tox[ic]
割S. Min, etc. got: Eng. cut; 刮 also
怕 latin PAVOR panic phobia... long guess.
-------
Also in http://sino-platonic.org/complete/spp007_old_chinese.pdf :
So not just "coincidences" after all:
協S. Min. hiap: Eng. help
給gip Eng. give
視[Cant., S. Min] si: Eng. see
屯tun2: Eng. town
-------

路lu4: French: rue; English: [king's] row.
       if earlier -ak [looking at 各sound], then Eng: tracK
踏Cant. etc. taap: Eng. stomp, stamp, tamp, tramp,
嚼[use 口+焦][才笑切]Eng: chew; 咀嚼 ju3 jue2
率 Cant. etc. lut: Eng. rate
祿 Eng. Luck
賴不掉 Can't LIE ones' way out of it
物 Cant. mat, Eng. mat(ter)
Cant. mat, eng. what
kap S. Min/ Eng: cup (verb) 蓋...
cocoon 可睏, my wife said of a sleeping bag
依賴 yilai Eng. rely
好笨! how stupid!: same sound hao/how
----------------------funny/boring
不實 butsit [S. Min]: Eng. Bullshit
不過 but go...: Eng. but
the things you 聽說 are mostly "hear-say"
骨氣 gut ki: guts; Mand. guqi: guts[i]
移民 IMMIgration
台語 suh / English suck (林金鈔:廣韻：欶,所角切)
maybe -- 未必
I copied this from somebody else:
色 sik [Cant.]: sex
lynch --  凌遲 (my wife found, maybe just a translation)
Eng: voice, 海陸客家： voi (from wife)
Eng: loss: 落 (from wife)

==========================================
I think I guessed the original character for the Taiwanese [Minnanyu]
word "gui" meaning "all".  I bet it is Mandarin's ju3 "raise"...
我猜台語‘gui工’ [全日]之 gui 字本字為‘舉’。[常見‘歸’等等。]

I think I guessed the original characters for Cantonese "yi ga"
meaning "now".  I bet it is Mandarin's 如今.

我猜粵語‘yi ga’ [現在]之本字為‘如今’.  By the way, ‘聽日’
[tomorrow] is clearly from 天光日, compare  客語。
Maybe 搡 is the original Hakka character for push, "song".

Could the original character of Hakka's "tet", "pet" be che4 of
(Mandarin) che4di3  徹底 "completely"?  猜其本字。
佢已經死 tet 了 == 佢已經死 徹 了 ??

Could 間 and 節 be 同源字 ? e.g. Hakka: 時間， 時節
韻母： -n/-d "轉", 聲母 g-/j- 轉 like 枝 ??
Rebutted by Dylan in news:sci.lang 2002-06-23
"Re: Chinese: could jian1 and jie2 be same origin chars?"
2007/2: Wife says origin of 阿舍 A-sia "rich man" is  A-Sir, English.

More Hakka characters:
粢 粢粑 [算本字]
抔 撥（塵）[林金鈔的書說本字為柫]
哀 母親
罔 罔食飽，沒有
搡 推，但越-ong/-ung界
摡 挑水挑米...
欶 欶水:吸水。 林金鈔:本字廣韻：欶,所角切
膦 膦棍,陰莖
躦 腳跟,或用踵...
飶 飽飶飶,飽鼓鼓的
喋 矮喋喋,矮矮的
螝 青蛙
-----------
我猜台灣所有的文山原名蚊山。

English ampersand "&" looks a little like Chinese `ampersand' "及".
ear:耳(er)
Eng: take, 閩南: 提去
Eng: pan 盤
Eng/Eng: Alzheimer's / Old timer's
各 gak,  Vietnamese cac, French chaque
One can't help noticing English Chinese coincidences(?) like e.g.,
http://language.psy.auckland.ac.nz/austronesian/language.php?id=331 :
leaf lap 葉 lap->lapf->laf->leaf
hand hnuʔ 手 hand!
to turn tronʔ 轉 turn!
skin m-paj 皮 Latin PELLIS?
back ppək-s 背 back!
belly m-ttaʔ 肚 tum[my]?
breast noʔ 乳 nipple
to fear quj-s 畏 quake in ones boots
blood hhmik 血 HEMO-
neck kkreŋʔ 頸 Latin COLLUM
bone kkut 骨 Greek kokkalo... 骷髏 kulou skull
hair mmaw 毛 Greek malliá
eye miwk 目 like wink... but Greek mati like malay mata
to see ttaʔ 睹 like Cantonese Tai.
to drink ʔəmʔ 飲 to Lap [up], 閩 lim
to bite det-s 噬 Al Dente
to sew boŋ 縫 bond?
to kill ssret 殺 slay
dull, blunt ddu[n]-s 敦 dull!
to buy mmreʔ 買 m/buy
to throw ddo 投 ThrOW!
to fall llo[j] 墮 must be related to 落
dog kkhwirʔ 犬|Eng. cur!|犬Cant. hyun: Eng. hound...
bird ttiwʔ 鳥 tweet :-)
egg Cə-llorʔ 卵 malay telur
to fly pər 飛 like greek and latin...
fat/grease kij 脂 GREase...
woods/forest Cə-ləm 林 ... Senlin... silva
wind prəm 風 바람
warm ŋet 熱 24 hOT
cold ggan 寒 latin GELU...
to burn bən 焚 bu[r]n
old rruʔ 老 oLd
Seven s-hnit 七 sept-
{en:be|zh:被, (sounds close or same)} hit/hurt/liked...

致癌/治癌國語同音
海:Eng. Sea: h/s relation?
堪Kan1: Eng: can, (Chinese is kam however)
買mai Eng:buy
Pounce:撲,捕
喜(樂):hi(larity)
fat, fer(tilizer):肥(料), 胖
邦:band

梅雨季 starts "May" 1 apparently.
Eng. Muck:墨（粵等音）
缽:Eng. BOwl
styptic:澀
Eng. sap:汁; Eng. sap, zap:襲
閩 Dam dam 濕濕: English damp
I bet 太白粉的太白一詞來自 (Ta)(pi)oca, 意亦合!
GENeral:將
To bolt:發 Kejia: bot; even "to flower"...
_比_賽: to _pit_ against
I bet 未曾 = 客 mang 吂 (not my discovery.)
lots: http://www.rwfd.fudan.edu.cn/xueshu/zhuanjia/gudai.html 倘/通
Malay:bahan-bahan:ingredients:包含
Malay:jam:hour,clock:針,點
Pour 潑
mop 摩,抹
枯萎的萎: WIther, WEAR out, WEARy, WEAther beaten
防衛的衛: WAry, WAR
曲[khiok]:CROOKed
花:Flower[FlAwer]

I bet 非 is a merge of 不為.
罰鍰/款 同源？
屎/SHIt
市/CIty
朴 pok, pak: Hack(berry)
足(夠): foot the bill, so related in meaning though not in sound.
鹿 luk: Elk
或 hUO/Eng:OR sounds close.
鞋,靴/Eng:Shoe sounds close.
森林 SiLva
筆 bit/Eng: Pen, pin [t is stop version of consonant n]
滿 MANy
埋 bury m/b
這:the t->z [Via Meow Wang]
所（以）:so
所謂 So-called
豕 SwIne?
蝴蟣 客:fuki 水蛭 fluke... leech
塔 tow-er
辣 lat/'loud flavor' then back again in 喇叭
沙 sa-nd
查,察 che-ck
霸 bu-lly (Oh, I see ancient Chinese was bak...)
嚇 hak/horrid
患 huan/harm
Maybe 曰 yut 說 soat are 同源, maybe even related to English "say", you never know.
Maybe 僅仔 ganna is origin of 閩南語 'only'?
用 YOng / Use
檢 and 驗 must be 同源 though not in 王力 的 字典
太/Too, ...古月母。
模/Mold; 霉/Mold
sun/日 like 瑞 r-/s-, -n/-t '對轉'
幡,帆: FAN, VANe, BANner
優, Eu: eugenics 優生學
框誆: I was framed.
甚、什麼: SOMe, 有什麼事？ Is there SOMe problem?
分手時說「掰」bye. 字很適合！
歌「頌」=song!
kin, kinship/親 qin1 even if 古清紐

Also see
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Chinese
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historical_Chinese_phonology
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nostratic
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurasiatic_languages
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sino-Austronesian_languages
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proto-Human_language ma:what:客、粵 makgai, matye